安全的非触摸式感应调光开关
传统的触摸调光、触摸开关已经很成熟，主要是台灯和楼道灯用。原理大致是手指接触金属电极时，人体感应附近的50Hz交流电作为杂波触发控制电路，或者人体的对地电阻改变内部的RC振荡频率和相位。一般触摸时要求手指接触裸露的金属片，这一类电路内部大多使用不隔离的电源供电，直接触摸上去总给人一种不够安全的感觉。有的触摸片上有一层薄薄的绝缘漆，不过也好不了多少。还有一个是老问题：带手套时触摸不起作用。如果一旦出了问题，麻烦就大了，容易电人滴
今日浏览，突然发现这个电路图，发现不错，就转了过来，
现在有一种新一代的电容式触摸感应技术，通过检测手指接近时，金属电极与手指之间微小的电容变化，来检测触摸动作，可以隔着绝缘面板起作用，能穿透几毫米厚的塑料、玻璃等绝缘材料。使用这种技术的电容式触摸按键，已经在电磁炉、微波炉和手机出现。电极与手指之间隔几毫米的绝缘物的话，等效电容值应该是很小的，技术实现原理与传统的触摸按键大不相同。 用这种电容式触摸感应技术，可以做出完全绝缘的触摸调光灯、触摸开关，感应电极安装在绝缘外壳或面板的背面，手指只在面板上触摸，应该是绝对安全了吧!搞了一个这种电容式触摸感应IC，参考其他调光灯的电路，实现了一个这种安全调光等。电路图如下：
这是基本的电容降压电路，IC工作在4.3V，实测IC静态工作电流0.6mA。可控硅用2、3象限负触发。IC的第5脚SYNC引入50Hz交流电的同步信号来识别过零点。感应电极连到IC第2脚上，在2、3脚之间接一个辅助的参考电容完成电容检测，触摸时IC的第7脚输出低电平，LED亮。
支持无级调光和分段调光两种模式，用一个跳线选择，调的方法和现在的一些调光IC也基本相同：无级调光，短时间的触摸作为开、关，长时间就进入调光状态，从最暗调到最亮，到顶后回头再调到最暗；分段调光是灭、弱、中等、最亮四种状态切换。
感应电极的制作，是用做垫片的铜皮，剪出一个18mmX18mm的小块，焊上线后贴到塑料面板后面。也可以使用金属片，只要能紧贴面板，不留空隙即可。手触摸的是没有贴铜皮的那一面。用不同材料测试，这样的电极可以穿透5mm厚的有机玻璃、9mm的普通玻璃起作用，普通台灯的外壳塑料厚度2~4mm，和2mm的有机玻璃的表现差不多，很灵敏。
这个IC应该也可以用来做装在墙上的楼道灯触摸开关，或者做成隐藏式开关，用在报警器、玩具和小电器之类，实现无按键式控制。 ***400;200;400,200;;** m48,49 l49,49,51,47,65,47,65,49,64,50,61,56,60,57,59,60,57,62,57,63,56,64,54,65,53,66,51,67,51,68,50,68,50,69,47,69,46,70,43,70 43,71,42,71,41,72,39,72,38,71 e|********* m46,52 l47,52,48,53,48,55,50,56,51,58,60,67,62,68,65,70,67,71,67,72,69,74,69,75,71,76,72,77,73,77,74,78,74,77 e|********* m77,51 l78,51,78,54,79,54,78,55,78,56 e|********* m81,42 l82,42,83,41,88,41,90,42,93,42,94,43,98,43,98,50,97,51,96,53,96,55,95,55,95,58,93,58 e|********* m88,49 l88,54,87,57,86,58,85,60,85,62,83,64,82,67,81,68,80,70,77,70 e|********* m91,67 l91,79,92,80,92,81,95,84,97,85,103,87,113,87,114,86,114,85,115,84,115,81,117,79,117,76,118,74,118,68,120,67 e|********* m147,34 l147,35,146,35,146,36,147,36,150,37,164,39,179,39 e|********* m147,47 l156,47,172,49,179,50,182,51,185,51,185,49 e|********* m174,28 l173,28,173,31,168,41,168,42 e|********* m182,39 l182,41,181,42,180,45,178,47,176,50,173,52,166,54,158,56,151,58,143,59,137,61,135,62,132,63,130,64,129,65,126,65 e|********* m144,65 l146,65,147,66,149,70,149,72,150,74,152,77,152,83,153,85,153,84 e|********* m158,66 l164,66,167,65,175,65,175,66,182,66,183,67,183,68,184,70,184,83,182,85,181,87,181,89,180,91,179,91,179,92,177,92,177,91,176,90,174,90 e|********* m161,78 l164,78,166,79,168,79,168,80,169,80 e|********* m152,87 l152,88,153,88,156,89,162,90,164,90,169,91,177,93,179,93,179,92,177,91 e|********* m214,47 l215,49,217,54,221,68,223,72,225,80,227,94,227,111,226,111,225,110,225,109,224,107 e|********* m229,67 l229,66,230,65,232,65,235,63,237,63,244,61,256,59,261,59,263,58,266,58,267,62,268,63,268,64,269,66,269,102,267,111,265,119,265,131,264,133,264,136 263,136,260,133 e|********* m237,94 l238,95,238,96,239,97,240,99 e|********* m249,87 l250,87,250,88,251,90,251,98,250,100,249,100,247,102,244,103,239,103,237,102,242,102,243,103,243,104 e|********* m228,108 l229,109,236,111,244,113,254,115,261,117,267,118,269,118,268,117,266,117 e|********* m287,89 l287,97,286,98,286,99 e|********* m298,88 l302,88,303,87,305,87,305,88,307,89,307,90,309,93,310,95,310,100,311,103,311,109,310,109,310,110,302,110,299,109,296,106 e|********* m298,100 l298,101,299,101,299,109,298,114,292,123,291,125,287,131,284,132,283,135,283,136,282,137,280,137 e|********* m302,128 l303,128,306,130,308,132,312,134,312,135,313,135,313,134,314,133,314,131 e|********* m335,78 l336,78,337,79,337,82,338,84,338,92 e|********* m344,89 l354,89 e|********* m333,100 l333,114,334,116,334,120,335,122,335,117 e|********* m337,108 l339,106,342,105,351,105,351,122,350,123,350,124,349,125,349,126,346,126 e|********* m340,124 l349,124,350,123,349,123 e 大哥 我没看懂啊，，没有这些基础知识啊，，， 我也没有，如果有入门的我一定学习！——本文来自〖www.521LED.com〗原帖地址：http://www.521led.com/viewthread.php?tid=89&fromuid=429 看看......................... 一般人不能做先学习一下，带电比较危险噢！ 感觉好深奥看不太懂。 ***400;200;400,200;;** m47,45 l47,46,48,49,50,53,51,56,52,58,52,62 e|********* m20,68 l47,68,51,66,54,66,57,64,59,64,62,62,65,62,69,60,74,60 e|********* m36,81 l36,87,37,89,37,93,39,95,39,94 e|********* m35,78 l44,81,48,84,51,85,54,87,57,88,59,89,60,89,60,95,59,97,56,100,49,100 e|********* m45,99 l61,99 e|********* m21,115 l21,116,23,122,24,126,25,129,26,133,30,145,31,147,31,144 e|********* m25,118 l26,117,102,117,102,126,101,128,99,131,93,149,91,153,91,155,89,159,89,160,88,161,87,161,86,162,84,162,83,163,76,163,76,162,74,161,72,161,71,160 69,159,66,159,65,158,64,158,63,157,63,156,62,154,61,153 e|********* m48,130 l48,136,49,138,49,140 e|********* m49,132 l66,132,66,137,65,137,65,139,64,140,64,141,58,141,56,142,51,142,52,141,55,141,60,139 e|********* m133,59 l133,63,130,65,130,67,129,69,125,71,122,75,120,79,117,82,117,84,118,85,132,85,132,90,131,92,126,97,123,103,123,105,122,106,121,108,120,111,119,113 119,117,122,117,126,115,128,115,128,118,127,119,126,121,124,123,123,126,121,129,120,131,118,133,118,135,117,135,117,138,121,136,133,128,134,127,135,125,137,123 137,120,138,117,138,78,139,81,140,86,142,90,143,97,143,71,146,71,148,70,168,70,168,81,166,84,165,87,163,91,161,93,161,95,160,96,159,96,159,98 160,99,162,100,167,102,170,103,175,104,184,107,186,108,188,108,188,111,187,113,187,120,184,126,184,129,181,132,179,135,178,138,177,140,176,141,160,141,157,139 155,138,153,138,151,137,149,135,147,131,147,129,146,127,146,125,145,123,145,118,147,116,157,116,159,118,165,121,166,123,168,124,171,125,175,129,178,131,180,132 182,134,184,135,186,137,188,138,190,140,191,140,191,136,192,133,192,130 e|********* m212,89 l213,88,240,88,239,89,237,90,235,92,231,98,230,101,229,105,227,110,225,118,224,121,224,139,225,138,227,134,227,131,230,128,232,124,233,121,234,117,235,116 235,112,239,108,239,106,243,102,244,100,248,96,251,95,253,93,256,92,258,90,267,87,270,87,273,85,290,85,292,86,293,87,294,87,294,89,295,92,295,104 293,107,292,110,291,114,290,117,288,121,285,124,279,134,275,137,272,139,270,141,267,143,253,143,253,141,252,139,250,134,250,119,257,98,258,94,265,73,266,71 268,69,268,87,266,91,264,96,263,100,261,105,259,112,258,114,257,117,255,120,254,124,253,127,251,130,246,135,246,136,244,138,244,140,243,142,243,143 e|********* m316,49 l314,49,312,50,310,52,309,54,308,57,306,61,304,63,303,65,303,68,302,70,301,71,301,78,313,78,317,76,319,74,319,64,318,62,318,61,317,61,317,60 319,62,321,65,324,69,325,71,327,74,331,76,331,77,321,77,318,78,316,79,313,80,311,81,310,82,309,84,308,87,306,95,306,108,304,111,303,114,303,147 301,150,301,158,300,156,300,127,301,124,301,106,302,104,306,104,306,106,307,108,309,110,309,112,310,113,310,140,309,141,309,143,308,145,308,146,307,147,307,148 301,148,301,147,296,142,296,141,295,141,295,131,296,130,315,130,315,132,313,133,312,135,306,138,305,139,305,140,304,140,304,139,306,138,307,137,309,133,313,129 315,126,318,121,322,116,324,112,327,109,329,105,331,102,332,101,332,100,334,98,334,95,336,93,337,93,340,90,341,90,341,106,338,109,337,112,336,116,334,122 334,124,333,126,333,128,334,127,336,126,338,126,340,125,346,121,349,120,352,118,354,116,357,115,359,113,363,111,364,110,364,106,365,103,366,101,366,88,365,86 363,84,363,81,361,80,360,77,358,75,352,72,352,71,350,71,349,73,349,85,347,90,346,93,344,97,342,106,340,111,337,118,334,127,334,133,337,133,339,135 349,135,348,137,347,138,345,139,344,140,342,140,337,142,330,142,329,143,329,145,330,146,331,146,332,148,336,150,338,152,344,154,349,154,351,155,353,155,357,153 358,151 e 深奥的不得了啊
{:1_96:} ***400;200;400,200;;** m48,30 l50,30,51,32,52,32,55,34,56,36,60,38,62,41,68,44,68,45 e|********* m74,29 l76,31,79,32,84,37,87,39,93,45,96,46,102,46 e|********* m142,34 l141,34,135,37,129,39,119,43,111,46,101,47,91,49 e|********* m52,58 l51,60,51,61,49,65,49,67,47,69,46,71,45,71 e|********* m63,63 l66,63,71,62,121,62,131,63,147,63,143,67,138,70,126,76,121,78,115,80 e|********* m84,82 l86,81,89,80,101,80,103,81,104,82,104,87,103,89,101,91,99,94,98,96,97,97,97,109,99,112,100,115,101,120,101,133,100,134,99,134,87,128 e|********* m63,112 l66,110,69,109,73,109,80,106,90,105,101,103,111,102,124,100,150,100 e|********* m177,59 l181,57,186,56,191,54,203,52,216,52,221,57,223,61,224,68,226,79,227,90,228,102,229,113,229,130,227,136,225,141,223,145,222,146,222,147,221,147,219,145 e|********* m181,92 l181,94,182,98,183,104,183,118,182,121,180,124,179,126,177,128 e|********* m175,129 l176,129,180,126,189,122,196,118,206,113,214,110,228,103,232,100,235,98,237,96,237,94 e|********* m246,84 l247,84,249,86,249,90,251,95,252,98,252,106,255,103 e|********* m293,84 l301,84,307,85,314,86,319,88,325,90,327,91,328,91,323,96,309,103,302,106,284,112,274,114,265,115,257,116,243,116,240,115,238,113,242,112,278,112 e|********* m268,35 l268,36,270,41,272,48,274,58,275,69,278,81,278,97,280,111,280,157,278,168,277,177,277,198 e IC什么型号。。。。。。。。。。。。。 电路图看不清，集成块是不是NE555? 学习了。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 太深了，求 哪里可以学电子基础？哪位大侠可以告知啊？最好是视频的教程
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